Arches Chatham Neighbourhood Plan - Regulation 16

15 minute Neighbourhood

A place in which most of people's daily needs can be met within a short walk or cycle.

Active frontage

A building frontage which contains uses that promote activity on the street, such as shops. It could also be achieved by placing windows and doors that face onto the public realm.

Active travel

Making journeys in physically active ways, including walking, wheeling (using a wheelchair or mobility aid), cycling, or scooting.

Air Quality Management Area (AQMA)

Areas designated by local authorities because they are not likely to achieve national air quality objectives by the relevant deadlines.

Amenity space

An indoor or outdoor space designed to meet the recreational and domestic needs of the occupants of a dwelling. Depending on the type of dwelling, amenity space could be used for passive recreational activity such as sitting out, for active recreational activity such as play space for children and gardening, and for other outdoor requirements such as drying clothes.

Bay

A window that sticks out from the outer wall of a house and usually has three sides.

Biodiversity net gain

An approach which aims to leave the natural environment in a measurably better state than beforehand.

Blue Infrastructure

The use of blue elements, like rivers, canals, ponds, wetlands, floodplains and water treatment facilities in urban and land-use planning.

Built environment

Man-made structures, features and facilities viewed collectively as an environment in which people live, work and play.

Build-outs

Build-outs, also known as road width restrictions, are a form of traffic calming, involving the narrowing of an existing road profile by the extension of a pavement or other raised surface.

Car-lite

Car-lite development is considered to be less dependent on private vehicles and more reliant on active travel and public transport.

Carbon neutral

Climate - or carbon - neutrality is achieved when the same amount of carbon dioxide is emitted (CO2) into the atmosphere as it is removed by different means, achieving a zero balance, also known as a zero carbon footprint.

Civic identity

An individual's sense of self-definition within a larger community, including their attachment to that community and their perception of their role in political and civic life.

Climate change

Long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, wind and all other aspects of the Earth's climate.

Climate emergency

A situation in which urgent action is required to reduce or halt climate change and avoid potentially irreversible environmental damage resulting from it.

Co-working space

An office space that is shared by people who are self-employed or working for different companies.

Community facilities

Facilities available for use by the community. Examples include village halls, doctors' surgeries, pubs, churches and children play areas; may also include areas of informal open space and sports facilities.

Community spaces

Land and buildings used to help meet health, educational and social needs in terms of developing and maintaining the health and well-being of everyone in the community.

Conservation area

A designated area of special architectural or historic interest.

Derelict

A building or place that is vacant, neglected and in a very poor condition requiring repair in order to be reoccupied.

Habitats Regulations Assessment (HRA)

The statutory process and documentation required by the Birds and Habitats Directives of the European Union to assess the effects of a plan on a nature conservation site of European importance. The aim is to enable a judgement to be made as to whether there will be an adverse impact on the site's integrity.

Heavy standard and extra heavy standard trees

Young trees of 12-14cm and 14-16cm girth respectively.

House in Multiple Occupation (HMO)

A property rented out by at least three people who are not from one 'household' (e.g. a family) but share facilities like the bathroom and kitchen.

Housing Needs Assessment (HNA)

A study that considers the need for affordable housing and the size, type and tenure of housing need for specific groups in a particular area.

Human scale

Human scale environment means making sure that the objects that we interact with every day are of a size and shape that is reasonable for an average person to use.

Infrastructure

A collective term for utility services, transport, schools, open space, community, health and leisure services.

Listed building

A building or structure of special architectural or historic interest. Listed buildings are graded I, II* or II - with grade I being the highest. They benefit from statutory protection against untoward demolition and unsuitable alterations which would adversely affect their character or significance.

Local economy

Local economies refer to economic and social systems that are part of a specific community.

Local Plan

A plan for the future development of a local area, drawn up by the local planning authority in consultation with the community. In law this is described as the development plan documents adopted under the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004. A local plan can consist of either strategic or non-strategic policies, or a combination of the two. They are used to decide whether to grant permission for planning applications.

Local Planning Authority (LPA)

The public authority whose duty it is to carry out specific planning functions for a particular area.

Localism Act

An Act of Parliament devolving greater power to local councils and giving local communities greater over- all control over housing decisions. The Act was given Royal Assent on 15 November 2011.

Masterplan

A document that outlines the preferred land uses, layout, infrastructure and built form of a site or area. It provides detailed guidance for subsequent planning applications.

Mitigation

A measure which is carried out to reduce the impact of certain activities or development on the environ- ment.

Mixed use development

A type of development that blends a mix of land uses. Such developments would typically consist of both residential and non-residential uses, such as commercial or leisure.

Multi generational

Consisting of, relating to, or involving more than one generation (as of a family).

National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF)

A framework that sets out the government's planning policies for England.

Native species

Indigenous to a given region or ecosystem.

Natural capital

The world's stocks of natural assets which include geology, soil, air, water and all living things.

Neighbourhood Development Order (NDO)

An Order made by a local planning authority (under the Town and Country Planning Act 1990) through which parish councils and neighbourhood forums can grant planning permission for a specific develop- ment proposal or classes of development.

Neighbourhood Development Plan (NDP)

A plan prepared by a parish council or neighbourhood forum for a designated neighbourhood area. In law this is described as a neighbourhood development plan in the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004.

Non-designated Heritage Assets

Buildings, monuments, sites, places, areas or landscapes identified as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions because of their heritage interest but which do not meet the criteria for designated heritage assets.

Overwintering

The process by which some organisms pass through or wait out the winter season.

Parking stress

Parking stress is represented as the percentage of kerbside parking spaces occupied at peak periods. It is calculated by undertaking a survey at the most heavily used times to assess the number of vehicles parked in a particular area.

Permitted Development Rights (PDR)

Permitted development rights allow certain building works and changes of land use to be undertaken without needing to submit a planning application.

Planning inspector

An independent decision-maker appointed by the Secretary of State.

Public open space

Land laid out for the purpose of public recreation, such as gardens, town squares and parklands.

Public realm

The spaces between buildings that are publicly accessible, such as streets, squares and parks.

Ramsar Sites

Wetlands of international importance, designated under the 1971 Ramsar Convention.

S38 agreement

A section of the Highways Act 1980 that can be used when a developer proposes to construct a new estate road for residential, industrial or general purpose traffic that may be offered to the Highway Authority for adoption as a public highway.

School Street

A road outside a school with a temporary restriction on motorised traffic at school drop-off and pick-up times.

Section 106 Agreement

A legal agreement entered into under section 106 of the 1990 Town & Country Planning Act. It is a mechanism which makes a development proposal acceptable in planning terms, that would not otherwise be acceptable. They are focused on measures to mitigate the impacts of a development proposal.

Site allocation

A site which is expected to come forward for potential development during the plan-period. Development remains at the discretion of the landowner.

Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI)

Sites designated by Natural England under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. They are areas of special interest due to their fauna, flora, geological or physiographical features.

Small and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME)

A legally independent company which employs fewer than 250 employees.

Special Protection Area

Designation under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds.

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)

A procedure (set out in the Environmental Assessment of Plans and Programmes Regulations 2004) which requires the formal environmental assessment of certain plans and programmes which are likely to have significant effects on the environment.

Strategic Housing Land Availability

Assessment (SHLAA)

An assessment required by national policy to identify land for housing and assess the deliverability and developability of sites. The SHLAA is a key component of the evidence base used to support the delivery of sufficient land for housing to meet the community's need for more homes. This assessment now considers employment land, and is referred to as a Strategic Housing and Employment Availability Assessment (SHELAA).

Street furniture

Objects placed or fixed in the street for public use, such as postboxes, road signs, and benches.

Streetscape

The visual elements of a street, including the road, adjoining buildings, street furniture, trees and open spaces, that combine to form a street's character or appearance.

Sustainable transport

Any efficient, safe and accessible means of transport with overall low impact on the environment, including walking and cycling, ultra low and zero emission vehicles, car sharing and public transport.

Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS)

The collection of surface water and its natural drainage back into the ground via soakaway or to existing watercourses using infiltration methods where necessary.

Urban design

The art of making places. It is a collaborative and multi-disciplinary process involving the design of buildings, groups of buildings, spaces and landscapes in villages, towns and cities, and the establishment of frameworks which facilitate successful development.

Valued characteristics

Qualities of a place that local people have defined as important and would like to see more of.

Ward

A small sub-area of a local authority district.

Wayfinding

The process of navigating a route between an origin and a destination.